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中学生英语语法-情态动词及其过去式 将来时

来源:学大教育     时间:2015-07-14 20:17:16


英语语法的学习是英语学习的重点,在英语的学习中同学们必须要做好知识点的积累。下面学大为大家提供的 是中学生英语语法-情态动词及其过去式 将来时,希望同学们能够掌握这部分知识点。

①表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况;③表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和often;④表示已故的人所做的事情或情况;四种时间状语;①yesterday及相关短语;②“last+时间状语”构成的短语;③“一段时间+ago”组成的短语;④“介词+时间名词”组成的短语;①be动词的过去式was、were;②行为动词的过去式,分牢记四个四,学好过去时

四种用法

① 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。I went to school at 7:00 yesterday morning. ② 表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。She was not at home last night.

③ 表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和often(经常)、always(总是)、sometimes (有时)等表示频率的时间状语连用。He often had lunch at school last month.

④ 表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。Ba Jin wrote a lot of novels for us.

四种时间状语

① yesterday及相关短语。yesterday morning/afternoon/evening

② “last+ 时间状语”构成的短语。last night/month/spring/year

③ “一段时间+ago”组成的短语。three days ago\ four years ago

④ “介词+ 时间名词”组成的短语。in 1999;on the morning of December 25th 四种谓语动词的表现形式

① be动词的过去式was、were。She was a teacher five years ago.

② 行为动词的过去式,分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则:1)直接在动词后加ed,例如:help-helped; want-wanted等; 2)以不发音的字母e结尾时,去掉e加ed (即直接加d) , 例如:like-liked; use-used等;3)以辅音字母y结尾时,把y变成i再加ed, 例如:carry-carried; study-studied等;4)以重读闭音节结尾,双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed, 例如:stop-stopped; shop-shopped等。而不规则动词的过去式则需要我们认真下工夫去记了,例如:go-went; come-came; buy-bought等。

③ 连系动词的过去式。become-became She became angry.

④ 情态动词的过去式+动词原形。 I could swim at the age of five.

四种句式的构成

① 肯定句式 “主语+动词过去式+其它”

例如:Jenny bought a skirt yesterday. 詹妮昨天买了一件短裙。

② 否定句式 “主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它”

例如:Jenny didn’t buy a skirt yesterday. 詹妮昨天没有买短裙。

③ 一般疑问句式 “Did+主语+动词原形+其它”

例如:Did Jenny buy a skirt yesterday? 詹妮昨天买短裙了吗?

④ 特殊疑问句式 “疑问词+did +主语+动词原形+其它”

例如:What did Jenny buy yesterday? 詹妮昨天买了什么?

一 训练第一关:小小单词难不到我。

请写出下列动词的过去式。

want arrive enjoy shop buy see break fall

二 训练第二关:生病的句子能奈我何?

2. She was buy a dress last week. 3. Did you liked playing football ?

4.-Did you had a good trip ? -No, I didn’t.

5. We didn’t flew kites last month.

三 训练第三关:翻译句子我最棒。

1. 你昨晚去哪了? 我去商店了。

2. 李明前天想给妈妈买件大衣,但他没有太多的钱。

3. 我们去年在南京玩得不快乐。

一般将来时讲解

一般将来时表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。

一 . 一般将来时的构成:

1. 由助动词“ will +动词原形”构成。

2. 一般将来时的否定和疑问形式:

一般将来时的否定形式是 will not ,缩写为 won't。

一般将来时的疑问形式是把 will提到主语前。 He won’t go to the park this Sunday.

二 . 一般将来时的基本用法:

①表示将要发生的动作或情况,常带有表示将来的时间状语,如 tomorrow, next week, in two days, from now on 等。如: It will be fine tomorrow. 明天天气晴朗。

②表示预料将要发生的动作或情况。如:

You will feel better after having this medicine. 吃了这药,你就会感觉好些的。 ③表示由于习惯倾向而会经常发生的动作,本用法中的 will 要重读。如: Boys will be boys. 〔谚语〕男孩毕竟是男孩。

三 . 一般将来时的其它几种表示法:

1. 用 be going to 表示:

be going to 相当于一个助动词,与其后的动词原形一起构成句子的谓语,表示近期将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如: I'm going to see a film this afternoon. 今天下午我想去看电影。

2. 用一般现在时表示将来意义

句中的动词是一般现在时,但所表示的意义却是一般将来时。如: Are you free tomorrow?

= Are you going to be free tomorrow? 你明天有空吗?

3. 用位置移动的行为动词的现在进行时表示将来意义:

这些动词有 come, go, leave, begin, arrive, start 等。

如: We are leaving tomorrow 。我们明天要走了

练习:

一、填空。

1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I ________ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ________ _______ play basketball.

3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。

________ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

4. 你们打算什么时候见面。

What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

二、改句子。

5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

6. I’ll go and join them.(改否定)

I _______ go ______ join them.

7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)

_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30? (对划线部分提问)

________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow?

三、用所给词的适当形式填空。

11. Today is a sunny day. We __________ (have) a picnic this

afternoon.

12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.

13. Tom often ____________(go) to school on foot. But today is raining.

He ______________ (go) to school by bike.

14. What do you usually do at weekends?

I usually __________ (watch) TV and __________(catch) insects?

15. It’s Friday today. What ________she _________ (do) this weekend?

She _________ (watch) TV and _________ (catch) insects.

16. What ___________ (do) you do last Sunday?

I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.

What ______________ (do) next Sunday?

I ______________ (milk) cows.

17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.

18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.

19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.

20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.

参考答案

1. am, going, to 2. are, you, going, to, do 3. Is, going, to, week, is, is, going, to

4. are, going, to 5. isn’t 6. won’t, or 7. Are, you, going 8. Will, you

9. What, is, going, to, do 10. What, are 11. are going to have 12. is going

13. goes, is going 14. watch, catch 15. is, going to do, is going to watch, catch

16. did, picked, are you going to do, am going to milk 17. is going to visit

18. flew 19. is going to give 20. am planning

在英语的学习中同学们必须要对英语知识点进行积累,上文学大为大家提供的是中学生英语语法-情态动词及其过去式 将来时,希望大家了解。

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